The normal developmental tasks of growing up were mutilated beyond recognition by the traumas of loss and grief, danger and fear, hatred and choas"(1990, p.81).  If these traumas are not resolved in the lifetime of the person suffering such upheaval, it is unthinkable that the person will not fall into some type of dysfunctional behavior that will then become the learning environment for their children.  Once these children grow up with fear, rage, danger, and grief as the norm, it is little wonder that family problems of all types begin to emerge within the family system.   

-Native American Postcolonial Psychology by Eduardo Duran and Bonnie Duran      pg.31